Abstract The notional tests for determining whether copyright in a work has been infringed rely essentially on three elements (which are spelled differently across juridical traditions), namely: the amount of taking, the kind of use that is made of the work, and whether such use is in public. The concept of ‘use’ is pivotal to… Read more » about Maurizio Borghi “The use of the work as work: a viable test for copyright infringement?”

Abstract Various opt-out systems are slowly but steadily paving their way from the outskirts of the copyright law to its centre. What was once a special instrument of a handful of Nordic countries has now become accepted and welcomed solution to many licensing hardships. Yet, the fact that proper introduction of Extended Collective Licensing (ECL)… Read more » about Matej Gera “State of the Extended Collective Licensing in Europe: Changes and Prospects